Gopalganj District in Bihar covers an area of 2,033 sq km. It has a population of over 1.7 million. Gopalganj town is the headquarters. Economy depends mainly on agriculture. Paddy, wheat and maize are grown. The important cottage industries are weaving, woodwork, potteries and bamboo work. A large number of sugar factories and vegetable oil mills are situated throughout Gopalganj.
Gopalganj is historically important as a battle between the Mughal emperor Babur and Nusrat Shah (the sultan of Bengal) was held here on the banks of the Ghargara (the present Ghaggar). The fakir-sannyasi resistance was held in the region during the early part of the British rule.
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